Once I use a phrase . . . . The Lelamour Natural
6 min read
The Lelamour Natural doesn’t appear to be notably well-known, outdoors of students within the discipline, in contrast with different herbals, comparable to these of Pedanius Dioscorides (1st century), Apuleius Platonicus (4th century), Rembert Dodoens (1554), John Gerard (1597), Gaspard Bauhin (1623), John Parkinson (1640), and William Salmon (1710). That will partially be as a result of it’s not illustrated. It isn’t talked about, for instance in Blunt and Raphael’s complete survey of illustrated herbals.9
Even permitting for the inaccuracy of the belief that the entire textual content was compiled in 1373, Lelamour’s lexicographical significance is obvious. For instance, though Parkinson’s Theatrum Botanicum is cited 338 instances within the OED, it’s cited in earliest quotations solely 29 instances (8.6%). The corresponding figures for Gerard’s well-known Herball are 1230 and 215 (17%), and for Salmon’s Botanologia 51 and a couple of (3.9%). Mrs Grieve’s Fashionable Natural (1931) weighs in with no earliest citations out of 96 in all.
Publication of Lelamour’s unique manuscript, held within the British Library, is lengthy overdue. This 12 months, the 650th anniversary of its personal claimed compilation, presents a great alternative.
Entries within the OED that credit score Lelamour with the primary use, assuming a date of 1373
● abortive: an aborted fetus; a stillborn little one or animal
● ethereal: of or belonging to the air, esp. as distinguished from the earth, water, and many others.; dwelling or situated within the air
● angerly: violently, savagely, fiercely
● astrologia: any of a number of medicinal herbs of the genus Aristolochia, previously used to facilitate childbirth (additionally known as birthwort)
● blue-purple
● bollock stone: a testicle
● cake: a mass or portion of meals, often shaped right into a rounded, flattened form, and continuously cooked on each side
● cardiac: a medicinal plant (not recognized; maybe garlic mustard, Alliaria petiolata, hedge mustard, Sisymbrium officinale, or motherwort, Leonurus cardiaca)
● cardiaca and cardiacle: a dysfunction characterised by signs attributed to the center, esp. palpitations [sic] and syncope
● chickweed: any of a number of, sometimes comparatively broad-leaved, vegetation of the genus Stellaria (household Caryophyllaceae)
● chilly: as a rely noun: an occasion of such illness
● costmary: a perennial fragrant herb, Tanacetum balsamita (household Asteraceae (Compositae)) …
● canine fennel: initially: the stinking chamomile, Anthemis cotula (household Asteraceae (Compositae))
● engendure: the motion of begetting or producing; procreation; manufacturing; creation. Additionally: offspring
● feminine: a feminine plant or flower
● germander: any of the vegetation constituting the genus Teucrium (household Lamiaceae (Labiatae))
● inexperienced sauce: a sauce of a inexperienced color comprised of herbs, esp. sorrel, with vinegar and sugar, and eaten with meat
● hardbound: affected by constipation
● hasty unexpectedly; shortly, quickly
● heartwort: a small, blue-flowered herbaceous plant, maybe a form of bugle (Ajuga species) or self-heal (Prunella vulgaris)
● hypochondrium: in a human or different vertebrate: both of the 2 areas of the higher stomach situated beneath the ribs on both facet of the epigastrium
● knob: a small rounded lump, bump, or protuberance on the floor of one thing; a rounded or spherical projection on the finish of an object
● langue de boeuf: any of assorted vegetation, mainly of the household Boraginaceae, having tough, tongue-shaped leaves, as viper’s bugloss, Echium vulgare, borage, Borago officinalis, and (esp. in later use) ox-tongue, Picris echiodes (now included within the household Asteraceae (Compositae))
● lesser: within the names of vegetation and animals distinguished by having a smaller dimension than one other of the identical identify
● lock: to hitch (two or extra issues) by interlocking or by becoming of components firmly collectively
● [to] make urine
● marigold: a plant of the genus Calendula (household Asteraceae (Compositae)) with golden or shiny yellow flowers; esp. C. officinalis
● mater: the womb
● Could-butter: unsalted butter preserved within the month of Could and typically used medicinally
● migraine: a extreme headache which characteristically impacts just one facet of the top and is often preceded or accompanied by visible or different neurological disturbances and is related to nausea and vomiting
● mise: a crumb, a breadcrumb
● morel: any of a number of sorts of nightshade with black or deep purple berries; esp. black nightshade, Solanum nigrum
● mullein [leaf]: any of assorted vegetation of the genus Verbascum (household Scrophulariaceae)
● nephritic: maybe: a illness of the kidneys [and precedes other confirmed meanings]
● nose-holl: nostril
● nut: a nutmeg
● oak fern: any of a number of ferns usually discovered on or amongst timber, partitions, and many others., together with sure spleenworts; spec. (amongst herbalists) widespread polypody, Polypodium vulgare agg., which was presupposed to be particularly efficient as a treatment when rising on the oak
● oat-malt: malt ready from oats
● origanum: any of the perennial herbs and subshrubs constituting the Eurasian genus Origanum (household Lamiaceae (Labiatae)), esp. wild marjoram or oregano, O. vulgare
● osmund: the royal fern, Osmunda regalis; (additionally) any fern of the genus Osmunda. In early use additionally: any of a number of different ferns, esp. the male fern, Dryopteris filix-mas
● ox-tongue: any of a number of vegetation of the genus Picris (household Asteraceae (Compositae)), allied to the hawkweeds, that are lined with hooked bristles and have yellow flowers
● painter’s oil: a pale, flammable drying oil utilized by artists, spec. linseed oil
● papwort: a medicinal herb, maybe annual mercury, Mercurialis annua (household Euphorbiaceae)
● park leaves: the plant tutsan, Hypericum androsaemum (household Clusiaceae (Guttiferae)), a large-leaved shrubby species of St John’s wort
● paunch: a big or protruding stomach, often that of a person
● pelleter of Spain: (a) white hellebore, Veratrum album, or black hellebore, Helleborus niger (uncommon); (b) pellitory of Spain, Anacyclus pyrethrum [and precedes other meanings of pelleter]
● petty morel: black nightshade, Solanum nigrum
● pimpernel: a small trailing plant, Anagallis arvensis (household Primulaceae), native to Europe however broadly distributed elsewhere, which is usually discovered as a weed of cornfields and waste floor and has clean ovate leaves and often shiny scarlet, pink, blue, or white flowers which shut in cloudy or wet climate (therefore its regional names poor man’s weatherglass, shepherd’s glass, and many others.); spec. one with crimson flowers [and precedes other meanings of pimpernel]
● pip: mainly humorous. Sickness or malaise in people. Normally with the
● podagry: gout [and related meanings]
● (by) even portion: in equal shares or quantities
● portulac: purslane, Portulaca oleracea; (additionally) a purslane plant
● primrose: an early-flowering European primula, Primula vulgaris, present in woods, hedges, and many others
● privity: the genitals, the non-public components
● puliol: both of two fragrant herbs of the household Lamiaceae (Labiatae), pennyroyal, Mentha pulegium, and wild thyme, Thymus serpyllum
● purge: to behave as a purgative; spec. to trigger emptying of the bowels
● fast: (of a spot or time): stuffed with exercise; busy
● fast: the extremely delicate space of a finger or toe lined by the nail plate
● rack: one thing which causes acute bodily or psychological struggling
● obtain: to soak up by the mouth; to swallow
● crimson henbane: (most likely) a wide range of henbane (genus Hyosycamus), with crimson seeds or flowers
● rising: a swelling or tumour; esp. a boil, an abscess
● Roman: derived or descended from Latin
● room: to clear (a bodily cavity) of obstruction or constriction
● root stem: any stem-like root or rootlike stem, as an aerial root, caudex, rhizome, and many others
● rosemary: an evergreen fragrant shrub, Rosmarinus officinalis (household Lamiaceae (Labiatae))
● spherical aristolochia: spherical birthwort
● rubble: to crush to items, to smash; to destroy
● standelwelks and standenguss: any of a number of European orchids; esp. the early purple orchid, Orchis mascula
● subjugation: suffumkgation (the usage of a medication to supply a therapeutic impact by penetration of the physique)
● swine’s fennel: hog’s fennel, Peucedanum officinale
● swinecrress: knotgrass, Polygonum aviculare (which is engaging to pigs as meals)
● unremoved: not bodily moved from a spot or place; not taken away, lifted off, or displaced
● violent: of a poison, medication, chemical reagent, and many others.: having a robust, drastic, or extremely injurious impact; noxious, virulent
● well-known: broadly or usually identified; (of an individual) well-known
● worthy: esp. of a medication, remedy, and many others.: efficient, efficacious; potent
